About standards
Standards in every industry and business are important. Imagine that we buy a monitor and its input does not match our video card, even though it has the same type. That's why certain standards apply.
In polygraphy and graphics, such standards also exist - appropriate definitions of CMYK colors - key for the appropriate color reproduction. Specified in advance formats for printing leaflets and business cards, so that they are comfortable and as uniform as possible. Without standards, even leaflets could be completely unreadable and even repulsive.
About printing companies
Paints, inks, paper, toners, foils and other consumables - these are things that can not be missing from printing plants. They are ordered wholesale and also consumed in bulk. For each order, the production costs are optimized, and the appropriate technique and type of printing is selected.
Graphic designers, DTP operators and printers deal with this. They are responsible for the quality of the printout and as soon as something is wrong they are the first to be targeted by the dissatisfied boss. Their work is quite hard and I have to admit that you have to really have a fuss to do it. Work after hours, maximum focus and responsibility - definitely not work for everyone.
Home Printers
Who today does not have a printer at home. Their prices are becoming more affordable and operating costs lower. Multifunction devices offer increasingly larger scanning resolutions, less margin, larger formats, etc.
But still, such home printers are far behind the professional equipment used in professional printers. Not to mention the much larger range of techniques used, which have nothing to do with those we know from home printers. Printed roll, solvent, water, anhydrous - long to exchange. The quality of such printouts is higher, which entails the obvious higher costs of printing itself.